Oral d’anglais sur la notion lieux et formes du pouvoir

Tu as 5 minutes pour présenter au moins deux textes :ce que tu as fait est trop long ;

Today, I am going to talk about Places and forms of power and I am going to focus about power of words.
But first of all, I will define this notion: the power is the ability to control others, events, or resources., to succeed in doing what you want to do in spite of obstacles, resistance or opposition. Power can be held but can also quickly taken away test or stolen. There is usually conflict between those with power and those without. Power is also associated with authority and influence and some places can be associated with the authority for example the White House and the President of the USA, 10 Downing Street and the British Prime Ministers.
How do the words can have an impact on international scene ?

Voici une exemple concret pour les trois premières lignes : j'ai simplifié (tu peux te contenter de donner une définition simple et axée sur ton sujet )
On te demande aussi de citer tes sources (textes et dates)

Jvous remercie beaucoup 🙂

à meramria 23

Oui mais attention! : tu as recopié le reste sans rien changer : j'avais enlevé un petit morceau de texte pour les trois premières lignes de l'introduction!
Il y a donc encore beaucoup de choses à remanier .Ce n'est pas quelques mots en moins qui vont changer quoique ce soit.

Ce n'était qu'un exemple pour les trois premières phrases, pour t'aider à comprendre…

Essaie de voir ce qui paraît un peu lourd ou répétitif dans ton texte :en plus il y a des erreurs en anglais que je n'ai pas corrigées car j'attendais que tu "allèges" l'ensemble de ton texte d'abord.

Tu vois ce que je veux dire?

Ton anglais comporte des fautes comme dans ta problématique : Tu utilise "can" alors on ne met jamais "do"

How do the words can have an impact on international scene ? : How can words have an impact on the international scene ?

(tu mets des "s" aux adjectifs, il y a des répétitions..)Par exemple:tu mets "10 Downing street puis juste après British prime ministers ; c'est l'un ou l'autre puisque ce sont deux appellations de la même chose (répétition) Bref ce n'est pas un texte "fini" du tout…

Il y a de très bonnes idées ,donc essaie de simplifier ton introduction, de travailler ta conclusion et de repérer tes fautes (simplifie l'ensemble déjà , et réédite ton texte sur le site :j'essaierai de corriger ton texte demain -en espérant que tu ne passes pas ton oral demain) 😉

Bonjour je suis élève en terminale S et je passe vendredi mon épreuve d'anglais du bac. Pourriez vous me dire ce que vous en pensez ? Merci d'avance

I’m going to talk about the notion of places and forms of power. To begin with, I’d like to give a definition of the notion : Power is the ability to influence the behavior of people and control the situation despite obstacles, resistance, or opposition.
Often, a power abuses leads to conflicts and tensions. Against absolute authority, there are always counter-powers which try to limit its excesses and resist it.
To illustrate this notion, I have chosen to examine the case of South Africa which is very interesting because power distribution has evolved a lot during the history of this country.
How the case of South Africa’s show the diversity of power ?
To answer this question I will use 3 documents : South Africa - from past to present, a past history of South Africa, 1960 : Scores die in sharpeville shoot-out, a article of BBC News, and Apartheid explained, a video of AJ+.

Oppression during the apartheid

Apartheid is a African word that means separateness. It was a system of racial segregation that governed South Africa for 50 years. The goal was to protect the domination of the whites over non-whites.
On the beginning of the 20th century, the rights of native black south africans were sidelined. Nevertheless, Apartheid, set up by the National Party, not began before 1948.
Afrikaners believed that South Africa was their god-given homeland and they considered white race superior.
There were a hundred and forty-eight apartheid laws.
The most important was the obligation for blacks to carry ID permits at all times, the strict curfews, the use separation of public facilities for white and non-white, the ban of marriages between whites and other races.
People were classified into four racial categories : white, black, Indian and colored (people of mixed race). They were all separated into different residential areas and blacks were divided into ten homelands based on tribal groups. Homelands were overcrowded and it was so difficult to have a job. Wages were low and it was illegal to strike.
Apartheid was also economically motivated : a cheap workforce was needed particularly to work in the country's gold mines.

Forms of counter power

The African National Congress was founded in 1912 to defend the black’s rights. As apartheid sets in, ANC youth league leaders Peter Mda, Jordan Ngubane, Nelson Mandela, Oliver Tambo and Walter Sisulu call the organization to strike, boycott and use various forms of civil disobedience to drive the system inapplicable. The ANC organize its first days of civil disobedience against the apartheid laws on the 1st May and the 26th june of 1950.
On the sixties, it’s the beginning of international pressure against the government. South Africa was excluded from the Olympic Games.
In march 1960, more than 50 blacks were killed in a demonstration in Sharpeville. It was a non-violent campaign which gathered 6000 people. They present themselves at police station without their pass book to be arrested like the law claim to be. The aim was to overcrowd the prisons, dry up labour and drop the economy.
In 1961, Nelson Mandela launched a sabotage campaign .
In 1976, more than 600 black people were killed in Soweto. They were demonstrating against Afrikaans when the police opened fire on them. The United Nations took resolutions to denounce this massacre.

The redistribution of power

Nelson Mandela, who had been imprisoned in 1963, was released from Robben Island Prison the 11 february 1990.
The 30 june 1991, it’s the end of Apartheid.
In 1994, Nelson Mandela was elected president of South Africa. It’s the first time that there are democratic elections.
In 1999, Thabo Mbeki took Nelson Mandela’s place before to be replace in 2009 by Jacob Zuma.
The black government want to reconcile the population and the Truth and reconciliation commission (TRC) was created in 1995.
The aim was to consolidate democracy, reduce the inequalities, tear the division of the past to reconcile the victims and the torturers, and create a Rainbow Nation. Thanks to the commission, the situation improved. Nowadays South Africa is no more discriminates against its black citizens, but there are still inequalities : like the wide gap between the 20 millions poors and the 8 millions of rich blacks.

Conclusion

In the last century, South Africa was source of various type of power. During the apartheid, the white domination was complete and they had the power monopoly. However, the Blacks who tried to resist, have created a form of counter-power with the foundation of ANC, the sabotage campaign lead by Nelson Mandela or all the demonstrations done. After the Apartheid, the power were democratic with the elections and more balanced between all the ethnies.
To prevent conflicts and tensions, all members of the community must accept a complex system of relations, rules and regulations to create a social cohesion and to live in peace and equality. Thanks to our example, we have seen that the way to find this peace and equality is often long and painful.

Bonsoir tout le monde,

J'aurais vraiment besoin de votre aide car ma professeur d'Anglais ne m'ayant pas pas encore rendu les oraux que j'ai préparé et les dates de mes oraux approchants à grands pas, j'aurais besoin que l'un d'entre vous lise ce que j'ai fais et me dise si ça lui parait judicieux et me corriger.

Voici mon travail :
The notion I'm going to deal with is Seats and forms of power. This notion implies a division between those who have and exercise power and those who have none. But this power can be contested when authority seems absolute.
To illustrate this notion I will talk about the power of words that's to say : In what way can we say that the spoken word is more powerful than the written word ?
To answer these questions, I will use 5 documents. The first one is a vidéo from Youtube named « I’m blind, please help me », the second one is a speech delivered by Severn Suzuki, a girl in ONU, nammed « The girl who silenced the world for six minutes », te third one is an another vidéo by Morgan Freeman and Anesty International where he explains that « Words can do anythings », the fifth is a poem named « Valentine » by Carol Ann Duffy. The last one is a poem by John Agard, is name is « Listen Mr Oxford Don ».
From these documents we will see firstly why words are indispensable to transmits ideas,Secondly I will explain how spoken words are more powerful than written words and I'll finish by showing that written words are still very important
Speaking correctly is very important for someone who want transmit his though because language is the main tool uses to interact and express ideas. Language is the method of human communication and is an integral part of culture and society. It is a complex and open system that allows for innovation, modification and evolution.Words are an indispensable way of expression, they serve us to express ourselves, to express our emotions like color, color, fear, joy …. But the words are double-edged, they can help us and hurt us when they are misused. They have a huge impact, written or oralized, they allow to express the emotions certainly, but they can arouse and lead to serious consequences. This is why we must use the words carefully, pay attention to what we say, because words that do not hurt us, can severely hurt others.
Some people prefer to express their feelings, their emotions, while talking, but still others do not succeed and prefer to express them in writing. The weakness of the spoken words is that they can be easily forgotten, a contrario the written words leaves a trace which allows to read them again and again.
Let's not forget the power of words in the media, on the internet, in speeches, poems … They are the ones who attract us and reach us, that's why adverts use slogans because the slogan brand and we remember the brand and we were pushed to go buy at home. Using words is an art, we can see this through poems or speeches, they both arrive to convey ideas in the best possible way but a difference separates them one is oralized and the other writes. We can therefore wonder how spoken words are more powerful than written words.
Avec le temps, les mots parlés ont acquis beaucoup plus de pouvoir grâce à la vidéo.

Spoken words can develop ideas much more than written words because there are more nuances transmitted by intonation. They are more powerful, especially when they are presented by a speaker, an author, etc. eloquent. When writing, it's hard to imagine what kind of person is talking, how it sounds when she says it. The attitudes of others to a subject can be understood in terms of how they raise or lower their voices.
If the written words were so powerful, why would the most influential people in the world make public speeches or express themselves through videos? The spoken word can be used for a more powerful effect for an audience. You can see it clearly through the video of Morgan Freeman and Amnesty International, the words can do everything, they did not make a video by chance, they did it because a video is more powerful, to support ideas. This video highlights the importance of words, and shows us how lucky we are to be able to speak freely in our country, because others may have punished for just asking for freedom. The video is striking because the images are striking but especially because at the end of this video the viewer is clearly targeted, he is even asked to use his words to help others.

Talking brings direct contact with the public. Our body language, our tone, our facial expressions speak more than our words. In writing, we receive the message; when speaking, we really connect and communicate. Cross questions become easy. Queries are resolved quickly; History also says that speakers are more influential than writers. For example, the speech of Servern Suzuki, a 12-13-year-old girl, proclaimed at a conference on the environment and development taking place in Rio de Janeiro at the UN in 1992, is a good example of this. During this conference, she shows her struggles not for herself but for future generations and denounces the consumer society. If she would have expressed herself in writing, her word would not have had such a big impact, we would not necessarily be aware of her age, her commitment, because all the emotions, and the vocal commitments can not be transcribed in writing actually . This girl is really involved in what she says, she is not afraid to face and look straight in the eyes of her interlocutors, which she could not have done in writing, which makes his most powerful speech. She can really show her anger, she sounds really serious, sad and determined. The problem with written words is that they can not really feel the emotions that the person who wrote them felt, because everyone interprets in his own way. Orally, the emotions are live so we can not go wrong.
Orally, we can make many pronunciations errors, and if we have an accent, it can hinder the understanding of our speech. The writing is a benefit for that because in writing one can understand anyone speaking the same language as us. John AGARD an immigrant showed this aspect of words written in his poem named Listen Mr oxford Don in 1985. Being an immigrant, he does not speak with standard English. He expressed through this one the difficulty when one has an accent to be understood in oral. But he still transcribed his accent to the writing by spelling bad words, which has the oral difficulty to be understood "Man on run" (v. 7), "I ent have no gun" (v. v.10), we can still understand his sentences because the sound is still present. In this poem he wanted to show that despite his accent he is able to express himself, he denounces in his own way the people who wrote the dictionary, he attacks it. It is an offense for the dictionary every word he utters because he does not speak the Queen's English.
Spoken words therefore have weaknesses despite everything.
The advantage of the written words is that we can meticulously choose each of the words that we will use while in the oral the words come out spontaneously. The pen is easier than the words because you have plenty of time to pick the right words you want to write down in your message.
The poem Valentine written by Carol Ann Duffy illustrates this well. In this poem each word is chosen very precisely, each word to its importance. It works a lot on the implicit, it speaks of an onion offered as a gift which is the metaphor for love and challenges the traditional idea of Valentine's Day by highlighting the most common vegetables in the kitchen: onion. It is given a dramatic and symbolic part.
We see that the shape of this poem enhances the content, it's the way the words are chosen that makes the poem beautiful at first. There are some simple lines, end stopped; some lines contain only one word. This is an unusual monologue and the reader sometimes has to pause and reflect - is it a repetition that a lover is undergoing or is it all in the mind of an injured person?

For a person, a written text can be very powerful, because he is able to deduce what the words really mean from their opinions and their personal thoughts. However, for another person, these same words do not make sense because they can not connect to it. But once the author reads them aloud and emphasizes everything he thinks is important, and presents it in a way that makes the words more powerful to the second person. You can not say that spoken or written words are more powerful, because you can not speak for someone else. In addition, as it is different from one person to another, it differs from one room to another.
Personally, I think that the spoken words are much more powerful than the written words because they are much more percussive and when they are pronounced one feels always more concerned because the person speaks in front of us.

Bonne soirée
Merci d'avance

Bonjour,

J'aimerai avoir votre avis sur mon dossier, et s'il correspond bien à ce qui est attendu en anglais approfondi. Je vous mets les liens des documents : https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mWa9jmv3u90
https://yourdream.liveyourdream.org/2018/06/womens-empowerment-education/
https://www.ted.com/talks/shameem_akhtar_to_learn_is_to_be_free/transcript#t-426025

I am going to introduce the notion places and forms of power. First, I will define the terms. Actually, the term power suggests an influence or a superiority that could be political, economical or intellectual. The term “places” suggests the different bounded places in which the concerned authority is exercised. Finally, the term “forms” insists on the different ways in which the influence can be exercised.

I’m going to focus on education around the world. According to Nelson Mandela, “Education is the most powerful weapon you can use to change the world.” Therefore, we can wonder to what extent education is a form of power, especially as far as women emancipation is concerned.

To illustrate this notion, I am going to talk about two documents that I have studied in class: a video from “plan international” and an article from “Live your dream” website, then, I am going to present my personal document : a speech from the website TED, untitled “To learn is to be free”

So, first, the video. This video is from a charity, a non profit organization called “plan international”. The video is untitled “Because I am a girl.” This expression is used at every beginning of each sentence to support what she is saying. A voice over is telling us the story of a young girl, but we quickly understand that this is a generalization to all girls that live in Sub Saharan Africa. There, girls do not attend schools. Indeed, they have to take care of their children, because they are mostly pregnant at a very young age. Moreover, their inexperience pregnancy is a leading cause of death for teenagers’ mothers. Parents prefer boys, so 100 million girls are missing each year, they suffered from malnutrition because their progenitors choose to feed boys rather than girls. Besides, 70 000 girls everyday are forced to be married. They are more likely to have HIV infections or AIDs, because they have relation too young, and without any protections. And all these things are a cycle that starts over and over. The aim of this video is to awake people about the fact that there are still girls that can not attend schools in the world, which is not normal at all.

Next, the article. This is an article from a charity too, called “Live your dream”. It supports individual children and young people with a talent, drive and ambition who haven’t been able to realize their dreams because of a lack of funding. The article is untitled “Women’s empowerment through education”. The author of the article started her carrier in science communication. Her goal is to spark women and girls’ interest in STEM. In this article, we learn that, across the world, a lot of girls remained out of school although it is true that more girls and young women attend school than ever before. The numerous barriers they face are enormous especially for girls and women in developing country such as poverty, early forced marriage, pregnancy, gender discrimination are major factors on the lack of women education. Yet, the countries, that take steps toward closing the gender discrimination gap, experience a great economic drop and a ripple effect within the families and the communities. With the knowledge of women education, we must strive towards providing education to female on a global scale. We must transform deeply rooted mentalities regarding girl’s education and foster positive viewpoints to increase girls self-confident and break down a barrier that they face.

As a personal document, I choose a video from the website “Ted”. This is a speech, untitled “To learn is to be free”, and Shameem Akhtar is talking. She is telling us a story, and we progressively understand that this is her story. With this speech, we better realize that in some countries, girls are facing a real fight to go to school, even nowadays. What she lived is really impressive. She was born in Pakistan, in a tribe, where women have to stay at home, raise children, only care about home and cannot go out alone. She gives a quite simple example, which is disturbing. When newspapers arrive at home, women cannot read it, before all men inside house read it before. So, when women can finally hold the newspaper, that’s old news. Women have to face everyday life injustice. Boys can go to school and rise to the top, not girls. But, how Shameem succeeded to go to school with a conservative family? Indeed, she has luck because her surname can be for a boy or a girl. So, when she was 3, she became a boy. She was eager to fight for her education. She reached high school, and then made a hunger strike to go to college because her father disagreed to let her go to university because she had to go alone at school. But her hunger strike achieved. Actually, she was not afraid to go to school, but she was afraid of her father. However, she reached to change her father mind. At first, he disagreed her daughter plan, but then, he accompanied her. Moreover, she not only changer her father’s mind, but her village too: more and more girls attend school thanks to her. Education is not just a step of life. Education can change life, as we see for Shameem. A peaceful world can not exist without girls’ education, a world without forced marriage, without early death because of pregnancy.

As for me, these documents really illustrate the notion Places and Forms of Power. As we saw in the different documents, education can be a form of power, especially for women emancipation. They can live by themselves when they are educated, because they can have a work and earn money. They can change mentalities, that are deeply imbued (imprégné).

To my mind, girls have the right to be educated, and more than that: they have to be educated. Boys and girls have to be on an equal level. There are some studies that proved that with girls, wars would stop, world would be peaceful, poverty goes down. Country where girls attend schools are more developed. Girls are not the only one that have to take care of children, of the house: men also have to take responsibilities. Forced marriage and boys’ superiority can no longer exists. Education was and will always be weapons, in every country of the world.
I think that we can link this notion with the Idea of Progress, because women’ rights have evolved time by time. First, vote, then the fact that they don’t belong to their father or their husband, and now we wait for equal rate.



Merci ! 🙂

Bonjour,
je suis en Terminale S, je viens de finir la synthèse « lieux et formes du pouvoir » en anglais, pouvez-vous me corrigez mes fautes s’il vous plaît?
Merci pour vos réponses.

I'm going to talk to you about the concept of places and forms of power. I would first like to give a definition of this notion. For me power is the ability to control others. It is at the same time the source of political, social and personal integration of tensions and conflicts within the group. To address this notion, I’m going to talk about India, which is the second most populous country in the world. This country has many inequalities, but it’s also a country in full progress, it is evolving very quickly.
Are all citizens on an equal footing in modern India? why would India be a country of contradiction?
to answer it we will first see inequalities between citizens, then inequalities between men and women, and finally the evolution of Indian society

first, I will talk to you about inequalities between citizens, we will see the caste system. This Indian system divides society into four hierarchical groups, it is very complex. The castes have their origins in Hinduism but have also been influenced by the development of society. they are based on social class or birth. you cannot marry a person belonging to another caste, nor can you change caste. Dalits are the lowest caste because they are only allowed in certain jobs such as shoemakers. In rural areas there is still discrimination against dalits, for example they are forced to use specific places like schools. today there are 170 million Dalits in India, and more than 40% survive on less than $ 2 a day

If there are inequalities between citizens, there are also inequalities between men and women as we can see from the oral comprehension “Indian girls are disappearing”, there are many inequalities between men and women. Indeed, in this document, a journalist explains that Indian families kill girls at birth because they are not welcome: they are a burden for parents who have to give a dowry to the family of the groom or the money, either cattle or jewelry, it's called dowry. If after the marriage, the girl's family has not paid the dowry, the woman is subjected to torture and sometimes even killed. Boys are sources of enrichment for the family, they perpetuate the family name and allow a better standard of living. The result is an insufficient representation of women in this country with one woman for two men. In addition, to combat abortion, the government has made the practice of ultrasound determining the sex of the child illegal. There is a demographic problem and these men find themselves without partners.

as we can see in the document “Another girl”, women have no say in different subjects. Indeed, this is the story of an Indian woman who has just given birth to a baby. Unfortunately, she is a little girl, which represents a burden for the family according to Indian tradition. She cannot afford to babysit and raise a daughter.
She is going to abandon her daughter because the husband does not want to keep her because it is a burden. He wants a boy to help him work in the fields and earn money. This story clearly shows that women have no say and it is men who decide everything.
Indeed, in rural India, many women are burned as a punishment because they cannot give an heir. Most of the time, husbands are not arrested for their crimes because there is not enough evidence.

Finally, for me, India is a developing country. In fact, we have seen that farms give way to factories, and women become breadwinners through microcredit and decentralized manufacturing. As we can see in the document "Changing India", the writer wanted to go to India where his stems were to see what the country looked like and see if his opinions differed from those of his parents, who were full of stereotypes. He tells us that women have good jobs and the mentality of the majority of Indians has changed because you rarely meet an Indian who is not affected by it. In addition, children of the lower caste can go to school and obtain a diploma more easily than before according to him, the Indians no longer lack self-confidence and optimism today but are proud of their country. in his view, this will change the country for the better, and therefore ignore the worst

To conclude, India is far from being a homogeneous country. Indeed, there are many problems to solve in this country such as infanticide, poverty and the many inequalities within its population, especially between men and women but also between all citizens. Every year there are many crimes against women. However the Prime Minister passed a law so that female tourists no longer show their legs or arms to "protect" them from possible aggressions, this "anti-women" mentality shows us the inequalities in this country by not wanting to punish possible crimes of men.